Reports

Channels

The predefined traffic-source channels Otus assigns to every visit, and exactly how each one is determined.

Every visit is classified into one of a fixed set of channels — Direct, Organic Search, Paid Search, and so on. Unlike some analytics tools, you can't rename or reconfigure these: they're predefined so that "Paid Search" means the same thing on every Otus account, and so the Overview report and channel breakdown are comparable across sites.

The channel is decided once, when the event is recorded (not recalculated later), based on the page's UTM parameters, gclid, and referrer.

The channels

ChannelHow it's detected
Paid Searchutm_medium is cpc, ppc, paidsearch or paid-search — or a gclid parameter is present with no UTM at all.
Paid Socialutm_medium is paidsocial or paid-social.
Organic Socialutm_medium is social, social-organic or organic-social — or utm_source is a recognised social platform (Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, X/Twitter, TikTok, Pinterest, Snapchat, Reddit, Threads, YouTube) with no paid medium set.
Emailutm_medium is email, e-mail or newsletter.
Affiliateutm_medium is affiliate.
Displayutm_medium is display, banner or cpm.
Organic Searchutm_medium is organic — or utm_source is a recognised search engine — or, with no UTM at all, the referrer's domain is a recognised search engine (Google, Bing, Yahoo, DuckDuckGo, Baidu, Yandex, Ecosia, Startpage).
AI AssistantNo UTM, no gclid, and the referrer is a known AI assistant or chat product (ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Perplexity, Copilot, and others).
ReferralNo UTM, no gclid, and the referrer is any other external site.
DirectNo UTM, no gclid, no referrer at all (e.g. a bookmark, typed URL, or a link from an app that strips referrer information).
OtherUTM parameters are present but don't match any of the medium/source rules above. Rare — it means a campaign was tagged with a utm_medium/utm_source combination outside the recognised set.

Precedence

When more than one signal is present, they're evaluated in this order:

  1. UTM parameters always win. If utm_source or utm_medium is set, it decides the channel — even if a gclid is also present on the URL (see below).
  2. gclid with no UTM is treated as Paid Search. This covers Google Ads' auto-tagging, which appends gclid to the landing URL whether or not you've also added manual UTMs.
  3. Referrer-based rules (AI Assistant, Organic Search, Referral) only apply when there's no UTM and no gclid — a tagged campaign always takes priority over what the referrer happens to be.
  4. Direct is the fallback when there's nothing to go on at all.
Because UTMs always win, an ad campaign that's missing or has incorrect UTM parameters can land in the wrong channel (or in Other). See UTM parameters for why tagging every campaign link matters, even when a platform auto-tags clicks for you.

Where you'll see it

The Channel dimension in the Overview report's breakdown chart and donut chart.